[Comprehensive approach to comorbidities in COPD: expert recommendations]

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory condition that is often associated with various comorbidities. These concomitant conditions are frequently underdiagnosed and are linked to an increased risk of mortality. Effective management of COPD requires a comprehensive approach to these comorbidities, as they can hinder disease control and worsen clinical outcomes. Given the complexity of its management and the lack of a unified approach, a group of experts has developed this document with the aim of providing practical recommendations based on both available scientific evidence and clinical experience. The goal is to offer a useful tool to support decision-making by pulmonologists and primary care physicians in the context of comprehensive care for patients with COPD and comorbidities. This document focuses on the most common comorbidities in these patients, particularly those of cardiovascular origin, metabolic conditions (such as osteoporosis and diabetes), and mental health disorders (including anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment).