Integrating Obesity Care into Chronic Disease Management in Catalonia: Progress and Challenges in Health System...

Obesity represents a significant public health challenge, particularly in the context of coexisting chronic diseases and multi-morbidity. In Spain, and specifically in Catalonia, primary care plays a central role in prevention and management, yet barriers such as weight-related stigma can compromise care delivery.

To evaluate the current state of obesity prevention and management within the health system, with a focus on implications for primary care in Catalonia, including prevalence, stigma, and integration of chronic disease care.

A narrative literature review was conducted, including studies, government reports, and policy documents relevant to obesity prevalence, psychosocial factors, and healthcare system strategies.

Persistent weight bias among healthcare professionals can delay diagnosis, reduce treatment adherence, and negatively affect patient experience. Integrated, patient-centered care models that consider physical, psychological, and social health have gained traction. Holistic assessment-including behavioral context, mental health, and social determinants alongside cardiorenal metabolic diseases-is central to these approaches.

Effective obesity management requires integrated chronic disease management frameworks. Collaborative care models, community-based resources, and equitable health policies are essential. Incorporating patient experience helps identify unmet needs and improve care quality. A system-wide, holistic approach is critical to reducing the burden of obesity and related chronic diseases in Catalonia.