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Forging Just Futures: A Path from Climate Crisis to Climate Solutions
Rachel Morello-Frosch1, Hasibe Caballero-Gomez2, Monika Shankar2
1School of Public Health and Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;
Annual Review of Public Health
|December 16, 2025
Summary
Just climate solutions must address inequality
Area of Science:
- Environmental science and social justice.
Background:
- Climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts often worsen existing inequalities.
- Past infrastructure and societal changes have entrenched root causes of climate change.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define just climate solutions that promote equity.
- To provide guiding questions for evaluating climate actions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on climate justice dimensions.
- Definition of just climate solutions based on four criteria.
- Development of operationalizing questions for researchers and policymakers.
Main Results:
- Just climate solutions must dismantle structural inequalities.
- Solutions must be community-centered, reparative, and benefit marginalized groups.
- Transforming power structures in climate action is essential.
Conclusions:
- A framework for just climate solutions is proposed.
- The definition operationalizes equity in climate action for mitigation and adaptation.
- Guiding questions aid researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in evaluating climate initiatives.
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