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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Cortico-striatal dynamics across working memory stages.

Maxime Villet1, Benjamin Azoulay1, Jacques Barik1

  • 1Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275 - INSERM U1323, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne 06560, Alpes Maritimes, France.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|December 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

As tasks become automated, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is less critical, while the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) supports this automation. Inhibiting the DLS reactivates goal-directed behavior, showing memory traces dynamically reorganize.

Keywords:
automated behaviordorsolateral striatumgoal directed behaviormedial prefrontal cortexworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Working memory involves temporary information retention and manipulation.
  • Task automation (proceduralization) questions the role of brain regions like the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS).
  • The mPFC is vital for working memory, but the DLS's role in rule automation is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the longitudinal role of the mPFC and DLS in working memory task automation.
  • Clarify the DLS's contribution to the proceduralization of task rules.
  • Examine how inhibiting these regions affects learning strategies and memory trace dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study using the "delay non-match to place" (DNMP) task in a T-maze in mice.
  • Chemogenetic inhibition of the mPFC and DLS during task performance.
  • Behavioral analysis of task automation and learning strategy shifts.

Main Results:

  • The mPFC's importance in task maintenance decreased as behavior became automated.
  • The DLS actively facilitated automated processing during the automation phase.
  • Chemogenetic inhibition of the DLS during maintenance induced a shift back to goal-directed behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Memory traces are not static but involve dynamic neural network reorganization.
  • The classical view of information migration between brain structures is challenged.
  • Memory traces may exist in a dormant state, allowing for system flexibility and rapid adaptation to task changes.