Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Co-expression-based models improve eQTL predictions for transcriptome-wide association studies and highlight new schizophrenia-associated genes.

Nature genetics·2026

Same author

Genetic Risk and Resilience for Schizophrenia Stratified by Perinatal Gene Expression Predict Adult Cognitive Performance.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Magnetoencephalographic Microstates Reveal Disrupted Brain Activity Patterns in Schizophrenia Controlling for Treatment-Related Modulations.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026

Same author

Behavioral and Personality Changes as the First Manifestation of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2.

Cerebellum (London, England)·2026

Same author

Neurobiological Signatures of Trauma, Personality, and Depressivity: A Transdiagnostic Machine Learning Study in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Biological psychiatry·2026

Same author

Biosignatures of cognitive basic symptoms mark a distinct neurodevelopmental pathway to schizophrenia.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

The Clinical Threshold for Treatment in Psychiatry.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

Same journal

Semaglutide in Schizophrenia-A Top Clinical Trial.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

Same journal

Adolescent Peers' Diagnoses and Genetic Predispositions and Subsequent Risk of Mental Disorders.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

Same journal

Use and Misuse of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among People With Eating Disorders.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

Same journal

Connectivity- vs Scalp-Based Targeting of Accelerated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

Same journal

Neurometabolites and Antipsychotic Response in Psychosis: A Mega-Analysis.

JAMA psychiatry·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Multivariate Brain-Blood Signatures in Early-Stage Depression and Psychosis.

David Popovic^1,2, Clara Weyer^2,3, Dominic B Dwyer⁴

¹Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.

JAMA Psychiatry

|December 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early-stage depression and psychosis show distinct inflammation and brain volume patterns. These neurobiological signatures, influenced by trauma and cognition, may guide new interventions for mood and psychotic disorders.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Immunology

Background:

Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a factor in mood and psychotic disorders.
Integrating blood biomarkers and brain imaging offers a path to understanding disease mechanisms and developing targeted treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify shared and distinct multivariate patterns of peripheral inflammation and gray matter volume (GMV) in early-stage depressive and psychotic disorders.
Utilize a transdiagnostic machine learning approach to analyze these patterns.

Main Methods:

The PRONIA study analyzed data from 678 participants (recent-onset depression, psychosis, clinical high-risk for psychosis, and healthy controls).
Sparse partial least squares identified brain-blood signatures, correlating peripheral inflammation markers (cytokines, BDNF, S100B) with GMV using structural MRI.
Support vector machine classification assessed psychosocial and neurocognitive predictors of these signatures.

Main Results:

Four distinct signatures were identified. A psychosis signature linked elevated IL-6/TNF-α and reduced CRP with GMV changes in corticothalamic circuits.
A depression signature showed elevated IL-1β/IL-2/IL-4/S100B/BDNF and reduced GMV in limbic regions.
Psychosocial factors, particularly childhood trauma, predicted both depression and psychosis signatures, while cognitive performance predicted only the psychosis signature.

Conclusions:

Early-stage depression and psychosis present unique neurobiological profiles involving immune and neuroanatomical markers.
These findings challenge fully dimensional models of these disorders.
The identified signatures, influenced by childhood trauma and cognition, hold potential for developing biologically informed early interventions.