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Phosphodiester Linkages01:01

Phosphodiester Linkages

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Overview
Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
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Phosphorylation01:02

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Phosphorus-lithium double-helix nanoribbons.

Chuang Hou1,2,3, Huan Lu1, Yi Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

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|December 17, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed stable phosphorus-lithium double-helix nanoribbons. These novel nanostructures exhibit enhanced stability in harsh conditions and tunable optical properties for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Phosphorus nanoribbons offer desirable electronic properties but suffer from poor stability.
  • Low-dimensional materials require stabilization for practical applications in electronics and beyond.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer stable phosphorus nanostructures with enhanced properties.
  • To explore the potential of these novel nanoribbons in functional devices.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of phosphorus-lithium double-helix nanoribbons.
  • Characterization using experimental techniques and theoretical analysis.
  • Investigation of structural stability under various conditions (air, water, acid).
  • Analysis of tunable optical properties (temperature, thickness, polarization).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high structural stability in air up to 225°C, water, and acidic solutions.
  • Demonstrated tunable optical properties influenced by environmental and physical factors.
  • Developed self-healable hydrogels with efficient photothermal conversion using the nanoribbons.

Conclusions:

  • The synergistic effects of Zintl phase formation, interhelical interactions, and helical geometry ensure nanoribbon stability.
  • The developed nanoribbons offer a promising platform for stabilizing active low-dimensional materials.
  • Potential applications in biomedical engineering and quantum technologies are highlighted.