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Functional Nucleic Acids for Cell-Cell Interactions.

Zhirou Zhang1, Yanfei Liu2, Qiwen Chen2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) offer advanced tools for understanding and controlling cell-cell interactions. This review highlights FNA strategies and applications in immunotherapy, tissue engineering, and precision medicine.

Keywords:
cellular immunotherapycell–cell interactionfunctional nucleic acidintercellular communicationintercellular force

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell-cell interactions are crucial for tissue homeostasis and physiological regulation.
  • Understanding and controlling these interactions are key for advancing medicine and tissue engineering.
  • Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) have emerged as powerful tools due to their biocompatibility and programmability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress of FNAs in analyzing and regulating cell-cell interactions.
  • To systematically categorize FNA-based regulatory strategies.
  • To highlight current and potential applications of FNAs in various biomedical fields.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on functional nucleic acids and cell-cell interactions.
  • Systematic categorization of FNA strategies including DNA hybridization, molecular recognition, scaffold construction, and environmental responsiveness.
  • Highlighting applications in cellular immunotherapy, force monitoring, 3D tissue models, and cell communication.

Main Results:

  • FNAs provide versatile platforms for precise control over cell-cell interactions.
  • Various FNA-based strategies enable dynamic regulation and monitoring of cellular communication.
  • Applications span immunotherapy, tissue engineering, and diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • FNAs represent a significant advancement in the study and manipulation of cell-cell interactions.
  • Further development of FNAs holds promise for precision medicine and regenerative therapies.
  • Addressing current challenges will unlock new therapeutic and diagnostic potentials.