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Developing and validating entrustable professional activities for neurology residency training programs in Saudi

Amal M Alkhotani1, Abdullah Tawakul1, Laila A Alharbi1

  • 1Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Neurology
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed 25 nationally validated neurology entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for Saudi Arabia. This work is a crucial first step toward implementing an EPA-based curriculum for neurology residency training.

Keywords:
EPASSaudi Arabiacurriculumentrustable professional activitiesexpert consensusneurologyprofessional tasksresidency education

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Neurology Training
  • Competency-Based Education

Background:

  • Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are essential for medical professionals to perform tasks unsupervised.
  • Nationally validated neurology EPAs are currently lacking in Saudi Arabia.
  • This study addresses the need for validated EPAs in Saudi neurology residency programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a set of neurology EPAs specifically for Saudi Arabia.
  • To establish a foundation for an EPA-based curriculum in Saudi neurology training.
  • To ensure neurology residents achieve specific competencies for unsupervised practice.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive list of neurology EPAs was created by reviewing existing competencies and EPAs.
  • A modified Delphi technique with two rounds was employed, involving 21 neurology experts.
  • Experts rated the relevance and representativeness of EPAs using a 5-point Likert scale; Cronbach's alpha assessed internal consistency.

Main Results:

  • The initial review resulted in a list of EPAs, with 10 excluded for lack of relevance and one modified.
  • The first Delphi round validated 26 EPAs.
  • The second round excluded one additional EPA, finalizing a set of 25 neurology EPAs.

Conclusions:

  • A set of 25 neurology EPAs has been developed and content-validated for Saudi Arabia.
  • This represents a significant initial step towards implementing an EPA-based curriculum in neurology residency.
  • Further integration and validation steps are required to fully implement the EPA-based curriculum.