Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

777
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
777
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

25.6K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
25.6K
Factors Affecting Activity Coefficient01:17

Factors Affecting Activity Coefficient

1.5K
The extended Debye-Hückel equation indicates that the activity coefficient of an ion in an aqueous solution at 25°C depends on three partially interdependent properties: the ionic strength of the solution, the charge of the ion, and the ion size. 
The activity coefficient value for an ion is close to one when the solution has almost zero ionic strength, i.e., when the solution shows close to ideal behavior. As the ionic strength of the solution increases from 0 to 0.1 mol/L, a...
1.5K
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.9K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.9K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

48.5K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
48.5K
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

1.2K
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tuning Ion Dynamics and Structure via Polyzwitterionic Chemistry and Architecture in Polymer-Supported Ionic Liquid Electrolytes.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Influence of Rigidity-Hydration Coupling on Size-Dependent Diffusion in Hydrated Polymer Membranes.

ACS macro letters·2026
Same author

Novel Hexahydropyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Neutral Sphingomyelinase 2 Inhibitors: Synthesis, Metal Chelation, and In Silico Studies.

Chemical biology & drug design·2026
Same author

A Universal Model of Cation Effects in Electrocatalysis.

JACS Au·2025
Same author

Field-Driven Simulations to Probe the Impact of Ionic Correlations on Solution Transport Coefficients in Binary, Ternary, and Reciprocal Quaternary Aqueous Electrolytes.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2025
Same author

Ligand-Functionalized Polymer Membranes for Selective Ion Separations.

ACS macro letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

18.9K

Interfacial Cation Arrangement Controls Electrocatalytic Kinetics in CO2 Reduction.

Jon-Marc A McGregor1, Zidan Zhang1, Louise M Cañada1

  • 1McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organic cations control electrocatalytic activity by influencing interfacial arrangement. Smaller, denser cations create stronger electric fields, boosting CO2 reduction rates over silver electrodes.

More Related Videos

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

396
Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

18.9K
Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

396
Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrolyte cation identity significantly impacts electrocatalytic activity.
  • The precise arrangement of cations at the electrode interface is poorly understood.
  • Organic cations offer tunable structures for systematic investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how interfacial cation arrangement affects electrocatalytic performance.
  • To identify key variables controlling catalytic rates using organic cations.
  • To understand the electrostatic effects of cations in electrocatalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements.
  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Main Results:

  • Smaller, densely packed phosphonium dications enhance CO2 reduction rates.
  • Cation-electrode distance and interfacial density independently influence reactivity.
  • Stronger interfacial electric fields lower the CO2 adsorption activation barrier.

Conclusions:

  • Electrolyte cation arrangement is crucial for electrocatalytic kinetics.
  • An electrostatic model explains cation effects in catalysis.
  • Design principles for advanced electrolytes can be derived from these findings.