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Related Concept Videos

Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Cognitive Learning01:21

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
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Introduction to Learning01:18

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
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Creative thinking encompasses innovative and unconventional methods for addressing challenges, often leading to groundbreaking solutions. Instead of focusing solely on enhancing existing systems, such as increasing smartphone battery capacity, creative thinking might inspire advancements like energy-efficient batteries or processors that minimize power consumption. This multidimensional approach underscores the importance of exploring novel pathways to innovation.
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Associative Learning01:27

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
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Creating Conducive Learning Experiences with Jigsaw.

Hemangini Kishor Shah1, Rajat Sawant2

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa, India.

Indian Journal of Public Health
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The jigsaw technique enhanced nutrition education for 40 MBBS students, significantly improving test scores by 20.7%. This collaborative learning method boosted student interest and understanding, proving engaging for both learners and faculty.

Keywords:
Cooperative learningjigsawjigsaw teaching methodsocial skills

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Pedagogy

Background:

  • Traditional teaching methods may not fully engage all medical students.
  • Collaborative learning strategies can enhance understanding of complex topics like nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the jigsaw technique in teaching nutrition to medical students.
  • To assess the impact of jigsaw learning on student engagement and knowledge acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • The jigsaw technique was implemented with 40 MBBS students focusing on nutrition.
  • Students were divided into small groups to work on specific subtopics.
  • Pre- and post-session tests were administered to measure knowledge gain.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant improvement of 20.7% in post-session test scores was observed.
  • The jigsaw method increased students' overall interest in the nutrition topic.
  • Enhanced understanding was noted among the participating medical students.

Conclusions:

  • The jigsaw technique is an effective collaborative learning strategy for medical education.
  • This method significantly improves knowledge retention and engagement in complex subjects.
  • The jigsaw approach was found to be highly engaging for both students and faculty.