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Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
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Scalar computational primitives with perturbative phase interferometry.

Christopher R Schwarze, Anthony D Manni, David S Simon

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Classical coherent light in modified linear interferometers can perform computations. Weak phase modulations enable nonlinear operations like division and powers using only linear optics, advancing optical computing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Linear optics
    • Optical computing

    Background:

    • Traditional optical computing often relies on complex setups or nonlinear optical materials.
    • Linear optical systems are generally limited to linear operations.
    • Interferometers offer a platform for manipulating light's phase.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate that linear optical systems can perform nonlinear computational tasks.
    • To explore the use of weak phase modulations in modified interferometers for computation.
    • To show how phase parameterization in interferometers can lead to nonlinear operations.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing specially modified linear interferometers.
    • Applying weak phase modulations to classical coherent light.
    • Encoding operations by transitioning between states rather than fixed unitary states.
    • Reading out the output phase as a change in optical power.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved primitive computational tasks, including approximate nonlinear operations like division and powers, using entirely linear optics.
    • Demonstrated that nonlinear operations arise from the nonlinear structure of phase parameterizations within the interferometer.
    • Showed that accuracy of operations can be improved by reducing input perturbation size.

    Conclusions:

    • Weak phase modulations in modified linear interferometers offer a novel pathway for optical computation.
    • Linear optics can be harnessed to perform nonlinear operations, expanding the capabilities of interferometric systems.
    • This approach provides a foundation for developing more sophisticated optical computing architectures.