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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis

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Wideband aberration-corrected spectrometer using a single toroidal grating: theory and prototype.

Meixia Chen, Xingshuo Wang, Chengyue Liu

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|December 18, 2025

Summary

A new wideband aberration-corrected high-resolution (WACHR) spectrometer design offers superior spectral imaging. It achieves higher resolution by using a toroidal grating, suppressing aberrations for precise measurements.

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Area of Science:

Optical Engineering
Spectroscopy
Instrumentation

Background:

Traditional Czerny-Turner spectrometers face limitations in aberration correction and spectral resolution.
Astigmatism and coma can degrade imaging performance in conventional designs across broad spectral ranges.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a novel wideband aberration-corrected high-resolution (WACHR) spectrometer design.
To demonstrate the suppression of astigmatism and coma using a toroidal diffraction grating.
To achieve enhanced spectral resolution and imaging performance over a broad spectral range.

Main Methods:

Theoretical modeling and optical simulations were performed to analyze the spectrometer's performance.
A Czerny-Turner configuration was modified by replacing the collimating mirror and planar grating with a toroidal diffraction grating.
A prototype spectrometer was fabricated and experimentally validated.

Main Results:

The toroidal grating configuration effectively suppresses astigmatism and wavelength-dependent coma.
The WACHR spectrometer achieves superior imaging performance compared to traditional designs.
A spectral resolution of 0.51-0.68 nm was achieved across the 400-800 nm spectral range.

Conclusions:

The WACHR spectrometer design offers significant improvements in spectral resolution and imaging quality.
The use of a toroidal diffraction grating is key to overcoming aberrations in spectrometers.
This technology holds promise for compact and high-precision spectral imaging applications.