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Related Concept Videos

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage
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Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm.

John M Gross1, Karen J Fritchie2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD USA.

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN) is a rare benign tumor. This review details CCMN

Keywords:
Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasmChondroblastoma-like soft tissue chondromaChondroid synoviocytic neoplasmChondroid tenosynovial giant cell tumorFN1 fusionsPhosphaturic mesenchymal tumorSynovial chondromatosisTophaceous pseudogout

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN) is a recently identified benign soft tissue tumor.
  • CCMN primarily affects adults, often occurring in distal extremities and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
  • FN1 gene fusions are frequently observed in CCMN.
  • Over 100 cases have been reported since its initial description in 2021, expanding its known characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN).
  • To review the historical context of morphologically similar entities.
  • To discuss differential diagnoses for CCMN, particularly for head and neck tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported cases and relevant studies on CCMN.
  • Analysis of clinicopathologic and molecular genetic data.
  • Comparative review with historically similar entities and head and neck tumors.

Main Results:

  • CCMN is characterized by matrix formation and a predilection for specific anatomical sites.
  • Molecular analysis frequently reveals FN1 fusions.
  • The spectrum of CCMN is broadening with ongoing case reports.

Conclusions:

  • This manuscript consolidates current knowledge on CCMN, including its history and molecular basis.
  • It highlights the importance of considering CCMN in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, especially in the head and neck region.
  • Further research will continue to refine understanding and diagnosis of this entity.