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Effects of gravitational time dilation on multi-photon interference
Optics Express
|December 19, 2025
Summary
Investigating quantum entanglement in gravitational fields reveals distinct effects of gravitational time dilation. N00N states show enhanced visibility reduction, offering high sensitivity for observing gravitational effects.
Area of Science:
- Quantum mechanics
- General relativity
- Quantum entanglement
- Gravitational fields
Background:
- Unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity is a major challenge in physics.
- Experimental signatures are lacking for quantum gravity.
- Investigating general relativistic effects on quantum systems offers insights into this unification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the interplay between quantum mechanics and general relativity.
- To analyze the dynamical evolution of entangled systems in curved spacetime.
- To investigate gravitational time dilation effects on entangled N00N states and quadrature entanglement.
Main Methods:
- Studying interference visibility reduction in entangled states.
- Analyzing gravitational phase encoding mechanisms.
- Comparing N00N states and quadrature entanglement in gravitational fields.
Main Results:
- Gravitational time dilation causes different interference visibility reductions for N00N states and quadrature entanglement.
- N00N states exhibit enhanced visibility reduction (N-fold) due to relative phase encoding, increasing sensitivity.
- Quadrature entanglement shows vanishing visibility in large-scale interferometers due to spectrum-wide phase encoding.
Conclusions:
- Entangled systems in gravitational fields provide a platform to probe quantum gravity effects.
- N00N states are highly sensitive probes for detecting gravitational influences on quantum systems.
- The distinct responses of different entanglement types highlight the complexity of quantum-gravitational interactions.
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