AI in Prostate MRI: A Task-Based Review

Prostate MRI is widely employed across the clinical pathway of prostate cancer, including detection, staging, treatment planning, and surveillance. With the increasing demand for consistent and efficient image interpretation, AI has gained considerable attention as a supportive tool in prostate MRI. This review provides a task-based overview of AI applications in prostate MRI, addressing key areas such as prostate gland segmentation, cancer detection and risk stratification, local staging, disease monitoring during active surveillance, recurrence detection, and image quality assessment. Across these tasks, AI, particularly deep learning, has demonstrated promising results. Although only a limited number of AI tools for prostate MRI are commercially available, it remains essential for radiologists to understand how AI can support clinical practice, particularly as further advances are anticipated.