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Cancer Trends in West Bengal Over 25 Years: A Comprehensive Single-Centre Study.

Shazia Absar1, Samir Bhattacharyya2, Arnab Gupta2

  • 1School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|December 19, 2025
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Summary

Cancer trends in West Bengal show rising breast and oral cancers, alongside declining cervical and ENT cancers. This research highlights key shifts in cancer epidemiology, informing targeted prevention and screening strategies.

Keywords:
BreastCancerCervicalEpidemiologyKolkataLifestyleTobaccoWest Bengal

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cancer epidemiology in India has undergone significant changes over the past 25 years.
  • Lifestyle and tobacco-related cancers show an increasing trend, while cervical cancer incidence is decreasing.
  • India lacks a comprehensive national cancer registry, relying on regional and hospital-based data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze cancer epidemiology trends in West Bengal over a 25-year period (1996-2020).
  • To identify specific cancer incidence changes in the region.
  • To compare West Bengal's trends with national patterns in India.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of hospital electronic records from a tertiary cancer institution in Kolkata.
  • Data collected from 189,485 patients diagnosed between 1996 and 2020.
  • Statistical analysis included linear trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall test.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases observed in breast cancer among females and oral cavity cancer among males.
  • Significant decreases noted in cervical cancer among females and ear, nose, and throat cancers among males.
  • Cancer epidemiology in West Bengal aligns with broader trends observed across India.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified significant shifts in cancer patterns within West Bengal.
  • Findings indicate that West Bengal's cancer trends mirror those of the wider Indian population.
  • The identified trends provide crucial insights for developing targeted preventative and screening interventions.