Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Hypecoum pendulum L. Extract: In Vivo Anti-Hyperglycemic and In Vitro...

The study aimed to generate a simple and valid scheme for biosynthesis of Hypecoum pendulum L. (HP) extract-based silver nanoparticles (HP-AgNPs) and to assess their in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and in vitro antimicrobial potency. Characterization by UV spectroscopy verified the existence of HP-AgNPs at 417 nm. The functional moieties that help in the HP-AgNPs stabilization and reduction were analyzed by the FTIR technique. The face-centered cubic crystal nature of HP-AgNPs (size: 36.3 nm) was assessed using the XRD technique. Surface morphologies with predicted nanoscale size (80 nm) were confirmed by SEM examination. EDX revealed a sharp peak (3.2 keV) that confirmed Ag as a leading element (49%). Alloxan was applied to induce diabetes in female Sprague-Dawely rats (age: 1.5-2 months, body weight: 120-150 g). The 21-day treatment of diabetic rats with HP extract and HP-AgNPs resulted in a significant gain in average body weight, average organ weight, and hemoglobin level, as well as a decline in HbA1c, blood sugar, lipid, and liver profile levels in comparison to the diabetic-untreated group. HP-AgNPs showed promising antibacterial efficacy against all tested strains (Gram-positive and negative) in a positive trend with concentration. Green-synthesized HP-AgNPs also showed considerable inhibition of all tested fungal strains as compared to HP extract. The phytochemical analysis of the HP plant confirmed the phytochemicals attributed to the antimicrobial and anti-diabetic power of HP extract and HP-AgNPs. These outcomes showed that HP-AgNPs have demonstrated promising anti-diabetic and antimicrobial action than HP-extract.