Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
05:04

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

814

Risk factors for early discontinuation of breastfeeding before two years age

Saima Bibi1, Syed Hussain Gilani2, Sadia Bibi3

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Ayub Medical College, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|December 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early breastfeeding cessation is linked to maternal diet restrictions and early formula supplementation. Health education interventions can optimize infant feeding practices and promote longer breastfeeding duration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is crucial for infant health.
  • Early cessation of breastfeeding poses risks to maternal and child well-being.
  • Understanding risk factors is key to improving breastfeeding rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with early cessation of breastfeeding.
  • To inform interventions aimed at promoting sustained breastfeeding.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
  • Data was collected from 250 mother-child dyads through interviews.
  • Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.

Main Results:

  • Major risk factors included combined breast and bottle feeding in the first month (79.2%), maternal postpartum diet restriction (74.4%), and lack of breastfeeding counseling (67.2%).
  • Pacifier use, early mixed feeding, and the belief that formula is healthier than breast milk were significant predictors of shorter breastfeeding duration.
  • The mean duration of breastfeeding observed was 5.05 months.

Conclusions:

  • Identified risk factors for early breastfeeding discontinuation are modifiable.
  • Health education and targeted interventions are essential for optimizing breastfeeding practices.
  • Improving breastfeeding duration can enhance maternal and child health outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cessation of breastfeeding, Exclusive breastfeeding, Breastfeeding duration.

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