Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Influence of islet purity on the proportion of smaller islets and graft outcomes in clinical transplantation.

World journal of transplantation·2026
Same author

Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor for Individuals with Residual CFTR Activity: An Open-Label, Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society·2026
Same author

RUNX1+23 Enhancer Marks Erythro-Megakaryocyte Lineages in Early Waves of Hematopoiesis in Human ESC Differentiation.

Blood advances·2026
Same author

Designing complex organoids through developmental principles.

Cell stem cell·2026
Same author

Diabetes-associated MYT1 and ST18 genes regulate human beta cell insulin secretion and survival via other diabetes risk genes.

Diabetologia·2026
Same author

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Chronic Pancreatitis: A Comprehensive Review Unraveling Pain Mechanisms and the Role of Psychosocial Factors.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

7.8K

Modeling immune lineage co-development in human pluripotent stem cell-derived liver organoids.

Milad Rezvani1, Susanna Quach2, Kyle Lewis3

  • 1Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Medicine, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Der Simulierte Mensch (Si-M), Joint research center of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Amrumer Str. 33, 13353 Berlin, Germany.

Journal of Hepatology
|December 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Human Fetal Liver-like Organoids (FLOs) successfully model liver development and immune cell co-development. This breakthrough organoid system enables the study of liver injury and potential regenerative therapies.

Keywords:
Fetal LiverHematopoiesisHuman pluripotent stem cellsImmunityLiver OrganoidsMyelopoiesisiPSCs

More Related Videos

Establishment and Genetic Manipulation of Murine Hepatocyte Organoids
14:54

Establishment and Genetic Manipulation of Murine Hepatocyte Organoids

Published on: February 12, 2022

5.5K
In Vitro Cultivation Techniques for Modeling Liver Organogenesis, Building Assembloids, and Designing Synthetic Tissues using Human Cell Lines
08:50

In Vitro Cultivation Techniques for Modeling Liver Organogenesis, Building Assembloids, and Designing Synthetic Tissues using Human Cell Lines

Published on: April 18, 2025

849

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

7.8K
Establishment and Genetic Manipulation of Murine Hepatocyte Organoids
14:54

Establishment and Genetic Manipulation of Murine Hepatocyte Organoids

Published on: February 12, 2022

5.5K
In Vitro Cultivation Techniques for Modeling Liver Organogenesis, Building Assembloids, and Designing Synthetic Tissues using Human Cell Lines
08:50

In Vitro Cultivation Techniques for Modeling Liver Organogenesis, Building Assembloids, and Designing Synthetic Tissues using Human Cell Lines

Published on: April 18, 2025

849

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Liver development involves complex interactions between hepatic and immune cells.
  • Current in vitro models lack endogenous niches for blood co-development, limiting immune cell output.
  • A model replicating a developmental niche is needed to study these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop human Fetal Liver-like Organoids (FLOs) that harbor a multipotent hematopoietic system.
  • To model complex multilineage interactions in liver development and injury.
  • To investigate the co-development of hepatic and immune lineages within an endogenous niche.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of FLOs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).
  • Co-development of hemogenic mesoderm and hepatic endoderm within FLOs.
  • Assessment of hematopoietic progenitor cell and epithelial lineage potential via transcriptomics, immunophenotyping, and functional assays.

Main Results:

  • FLOs successfully supported the emergence of hepatobiliary, endothelial, mesenchymal lineages, and multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells.
  • Hematopoietic and hepatic lineages matured within the FLO microenvironment without external factors.
  • FLOs revealed an IL-8-mediated neutrophil-driven injury response in steatotic-lipotoxic injury, elucidating liver-intrinsic immune mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • FLOs provide a physiologically relevant model for hemato-hepatogenesis and liver innate immunity.
  • This system recapitulates critical fetal liver functions, offering a platform for studying liver development and immune-mediated injury.
  • FLOs serve as a translational tool for investigating pediatric liver diseases and regenerative therapies.