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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Establishment of a Primary Culture of Patient-derived Soft Tissue Sarcoma
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Practice updates: Emerging entities in bone and soft tissue pathology.

Nooshin K Dashti1, Scott E Kilpatrick2

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dartmouth Health, 03766, Lebanon, NH, USA; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 03766, Lebanon, NH, USA.

Human Pathology
|December 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in molecular tools have refined the classification of bone and soft tissue tumors. This review highlights five newly identified tumor entities with significant prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Keywords:
Beta-cateninNFATNUT-SarcomaPseudoendocrine sarcomaRhabdomyosarcomaSuperficial neurocristic tumorVGLL3Vascular

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Our understanding of bone and soft tissue tumors has significantly evolved.
  • Ancillary testing, especially molecular tools, has led to the emergence and refinement of new tumor entities.
  • Recognizing new tumor entities is crucial for prognosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent practice updates in the classification of bone and soft tissue tumors.
  • To discuss five recently described tumor entities.
  • To highlight the prognostic and therapeutic relevance of these new entities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on bone and soft tissue tumors.
  • Focus on recently described entities identified through advanced diagnostic techniques.
  • Discussion of morphological and molecular characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Five recently described tumor entities are discussed: pseudoendocrine sarcoma, NUT-rearranged sarcoma, VGLL3-rearranged spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma of head and neck, superficial neurocristic FET::ETS fusion tumors, and NFATC1/2-rearranged epithelioid vascular tumors.
  • These entities exhibit distinct morphological and molecular features.
  • Their recognition has significant prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Conclusions:

  • The classification of bone and soft tissue tumors is dynamic, driven by molecular advancements.
  • Accurate identification of newly described tumor entities is essential for patient management.
  • Continued research is vital for further refining tumor classification and treatment strategies.