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Longitudinal associations between intergenerational education and sarcopenia: The role of reverse influence and
Bo-Wen Lu1, Jia-Cheng Li2, Ming-Tao Wen1
1The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China.
Background:
This study aims to investigate the association between intergenerational educational attainment and sarcopenia risk in middle-aged and older Chinese adults, emphasizing the reverse intergenerational influence of offspring education. It also examines depression and emotional support as mediators in this relationship.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), with baseline data from 2011 and follow-up in 2015. The analysis included 2585 participants aged ≥45 years without sarcopenia at baseline. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between individual and offspring educational attainment and sarcopenia risk, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and metabolic indicators. Stratified analyses by age and sex were conducted, and additional regression analyses were performed restricting the sample to participants aged <60 years. Mediation analyses were performed using the Baron & Kenny method, bias-corrected bootstrap, and Sobel test to assess indirect effects through depression and emotional support.
Results:
Higher individual educational attainment was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia, with stronger associations observed among men and those aged 45-60 years. Higher offspring education was also associated with lower odds of parental sarcopenia, with stronger associations among men and participants aged ≥65 years. Depression and emotional support partially mediated these associations, with a larger proportion of the mediation attributable to depression.
Conclusion:
Higher individual and offspring educational attainment is associated with reduced sarcopenia risk, reflecting intergenerational transmission of health benefits. Depression and emotional support are critical mediators linking education and sarcopenia. Policies promoting education and strengthening intergenerational emotional support may be effective strategies for preventing sarcopenia in an aging population.
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