Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Non-Invasive Electrical Brain Stimulation Montages for Modulation of Human Motor Function
Published on: February 4, 2016
Person-centered noninvasive brain stimulation for aging-related neurological and mental disorders: A
Sa Zhou1, Corey J Keller2, Nai-Feng Chen1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 1070 Arastradero road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Background:
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) shows significant promise for treating aging-related neurological and mental disorders (ANMDs). However, its clinical benefits vary widely across individuals due to the highly heterogeneous nature of patient traits and states. Person-centered NIBS - defined as stimulation protocols tailored to the inter- and intra-individual variability in brain structure, function, and behavioral context - may help address this heterogeneity and enhance the clinical benefits of NIBS. While current clinical guidelines provide evidence-based standards for managing complex clinical realities and guiding practitioners, existing personalization strategies are isolated and lack a systematic framework needed to design truly person-centered NIBS.
Objective:
We propose a multi-dimensional framework for person-centered NIBS protocol designs, systematically targeting inter-individual differences and intra-individual variations in patients, to enhance the availability and engagement of neural resources supporting the improvement of cognition, mood, and motor functions in ANMDs.
Methods And Framework:
We provide a systematic review of current personalization strategies and the efficacy of personalized NIBS in ANMDs. We then presented a multi-dimensional conceptual framework of person-centered NIBS intended to guide future protocol development for systematically targeting inter-individual differences and intra-individual variations in patients. Complementing this, the operational framework provides a perspective-based, structured approach to personalize NIBS target and dosage (stimulation parameters and session scheduling), encompassing (1) structural and functional neuroimaging for target localization and parameter initialization, (2) closed-loop NIBS with multimodal neurobehavioral monitoring for real-time parameter adjustment, (3) dose-response modeling for between-session parameter adaption, and (4) complementary pharmacological and behavioral interventions.
Implications:
We envision that the proposed multi-dimensional framework could guide person-centered NIBS with enhanced effectiveness of NIBS in ANMDs.
More Related Videos
09:52Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Published on: February 23, 2020
08:53Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
Published on: June 6, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction
Dementia l: Introduction