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Development of L1 Vertebral Anthropomorphic Model for Densitometric Phantom Improvement
A V Petraikin1, A M Mikhailova2, N D Kudryavtsev3
1MD, DSc, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Standardization and Quality Control Department; Scientific and Practical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine, Moscow City Healthcare Department, Bldg 1, 24 Petrovka St., Moscow, 127051, Russia.
Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine
|December 22, 2025
Summary
A new L1 vertebral anthropomorphic model was developed using 3D printing to enhance diagnostic phantom capabilities. This model accurately represents bone density variations, from osteoporosis to normal states, for improved medical imaging quality.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Biomedical Engineering
- Radiology
Background:
- Existing phantoms have limitations in accurately representing diverse bone mineral densities.
- There is a need for advanced anthropomorphic models for medical imaging calibration and training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an improved L1 vertebral anthropomorphic phantom (PHK FK2).
- To create a model capable of simulating a wide range of bone mineral densities, from osteoporosis to normal states.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 3D printing with DICOM data from abdominal CT scans.
- Constructed a three-layer phantom with varying X-ray densities using photopolymer resin, plastic mixtures, and metal foil.
- Adjusted mineral density by altering beta-tricalcium phosphate concentration.
Main Results:
- Achieved low mean square deviations for vertebral body (12.40 HU), spongy substance (3.96 HU), and cortical layer (57.23 HU) at 120 kV.
- Demonstrated high accuracy in mineral density assessment (mean absolute error reduced to 0.4 mg/ml, mean relative error to 0.4%) after correction.
- Reported low relative measurement errors for vertebral dimensions (2.7-3.6%).
Conclusions:
- The developed vertebral model accurately simulates bone density from osteoporosis to normal states.
- The model exhibits stable X-ray characteristics and anatomical precision.
- Applications include equipment calibration, quality control of diagnostic systems, and medical training.
