Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Version of the Virtual Reality System Usability Questionnaire

The usability questionnaire of the English version of the virtual reality system was localized to verify its reliability and validity in ICU patients, providing a scientific assessment tool for clinical practice.

The Brislin translation model was adopted to complete the cross-cultural adaptation of the scale. A total of 331 ICU patients from a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou City were included through convenience sampling for item analysis, validity and reliability tests.

The Chinese version of the scale consists of 3 dimensions and a total of 9 items. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.821 and the split-half reliability was 0.782. The content validity index at the item level ranged from 0.833 to 1.000, and the average content validity index at the scale level was 0.978. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 67.017%. The factor loadings of each item ranged from 0.609 to 0.876, and no items were deleted. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the standardized path coefficients of all items were within the acceptable range. These results indicate that the adapted questionnaire is a psychometrically sound instrument.

The Chinese version of VRSUQ has good reliability, validity and cultural adaptability. It not only fills the gap of a VR system usability assessment tool that is both culturally and clinically applicable for ICU patients in China, but also overcomes the limitations of existing international tools. Proven tools can be directly applied to clinical practice to guide the optimization of VR intervention measures, thereby enhancing patient experience and intervention effectiveness. In the future, its universality needs to be verified through multi-center research.