Mindfulness-Based Self-Management Program Using a Mobile Application for Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: A
Yuka Takita1, Junko Morishita2, Sunre Park3
1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga,Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, JP.
Background:
Mindfulness-based interventions have been applied across various chronic illnesses, but no tailored program exists for individuals with pulmonary hypertension (PH).
Objective:
This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a mindfulness-based self-management program for patients with PH, delivered online to accommodate their limited mobility.
Methods:
A single-arm pre-post study was conducted using an eight-session, weekly videoconference program incorporating PH self-management education and elements of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. A mobile application linked to an Apple Watch was used to support symptom monitoring and mindfulness awareness. Outcomes included PH-related symptoms; quality of life (emPHasis-10); depression (PHQ-9); anxiety (GAD-7); resilience (CD-RISC); and loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale-short version). Assessments occurred at baseline, week 4, and program completion. Exit interviews explored perceived changes and experiences.
Results:
Twelve participants (mean age 41.8, SD 10.5 years; range 26-56 years) were enrolled, and nine completed the program (75% retention). Participants valued the online format and Apple Watch integration, while noting a need for optional on-demand sessions. Qualitative analysis identified themes such as increased self-awareness, use of meditation for pain management, and enhanced self-compassion. Quantitative analysis showed significant changes across three time points (baseline, week 4, week 8) for emPHasis-10 (χ²₂=9.742; P = .008) and CD-RISC (χ²₂=7.267; P = .03). Trends toward change were observed for PHQ-9 (χ²₂=4.750; P = .09) and GAD-7 (χ²₂=5.067; P = .08), but week-12 data were limited (n=5). No significant changes in loneliness were observed.
Conclusions:
The program appeared to support patients with PH in managing symptoms and emotions and suggested potential improvements in quality of life. These preliminary findings warrant evaluation in a future randomized controlled trial.
Clinicaltrial:
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000044075; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000050319.
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