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Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Indira C Turney1, Benjamin D Huber2, Calen P Ryan2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accelerated biological aging is linked to increased white matter hyperintensity volume, a marker of brain aging. This association is stronger with higher cardiovascular disease burden, highlighting potential disparities in brain health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic stress accelerates biological aging, particularly in marginalized populations, increasing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) risk.
  • Midlife brain aging involves structural changes like white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and reduced cortical thickness (CT).
  • Understanding the link between biological aging, brain markers, and social determinants is crucial for addressing health disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between biological age acceleration (GrimAge) and ADRD-related MRI markers (WMH volume, CT).
  • To examine these associations in a racially/ethnically diverse midlife cohort.
  • To explore the moderating effects of education and cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 681 diverse adults (45-65 years) from the Offspring Study of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease.
  • Used linear regression to assess relationships between biological age acceleration and MRI outcomes, adjusting for covariates.
  • Conducted stratified analyses by race/ethnicity and tested for interactions with education and CVD burden.

Main Results:

  • Accelerated biological aging correlated with increased WMH volume (β=0.014), but not CT.
  • The association between biological age and WMH was amplified by greater CVD burden (β=0.028).
  • Higher education and White, Latinx participants showed less biological age acceleration; associations were strongest in Black and Latinx individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerated biological aging is linked to increased WMH volume, potentially contributing to brain health disparities.
  • Cardiovascular burden exacerbates the association between accelerated aging and WMH.
  • Multifaceted interventions addressing sociocultural and biological factors are needed to reduce brain health disparities.