Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

11.6K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
11.6K
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

524
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
524
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

676
Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
676
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

2.5K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
2.5K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

64.7K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
64.7K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

2.6K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fusion prediction model for post-ERCP pancreatitis under NSAIDs prophylaxis.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same author

Intratumoral bicarbonate functions as an adjuvant to potentiate PD-1 blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Oncogene·2026
Same author

Atovaquone as a potent and safe anthelmintic against Gyrodactylus kobayashii in goldfish: Efficacy, mechanism, and structure-based optimization.

Veterinary parasitology·2026
Same author

Inference of upstream-mutation and metabolomic-signature causality identifies prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Stiffness-Switchable Conductive Nanocomposites with Temperature-Invariant Conductivity for Long-Term Brain-Computer Interfaces on Hair-Covered Scalp.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

TiO<sub>2</sub>/K<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub> Binary Whiskers Modified Mullite Fiber-Based Materials with Enhanced Thermal Insulation Property.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses
09:07

Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses

Published on: June 14, 2020

11.5K

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Jack L Browning1, Allie Kaloss1, Jiangtao Li1

  • 1Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer

More Related Videos

A Precise Pathogen Delivery and Recovery System for Murine Models of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia
13:45

A Precise Pathogen Delivery and Recovery System for Murine Models of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: September 21, 2019

6.0K
Using a Bacterial Pathogen to Probe for Cellular and Organismic-level Host Responses
08:38

Using a Bacterial Pathogen to Probe for Cellular and Organismic-level Host Responses

Published on: February 22, 2019

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses
09:07

Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses

Published on: June 14, 2020

11.5K
A Precise Pathogen Delivery and Recovery System for Murine Models of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia
13:45

A Precise Pathogen Delivery and Recovery System for Murine Models of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: September 21, 2019

6.0K
Using a Bacterial Pathogen to Probe for Cellular and Organismic-level Host Responses
08:38

Using a Bacterial Pathogen to Probe for Cellular and Organismic-level Host Responses

Published on: February 22, 2019

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an early Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology.
  • Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation on leptomeningeal vessels may reduce CBF.
  • Aerobic exercise may improve CBF and serve as a therapeutic adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if aerobic exercise impacts AD progression in mice.
  • To determine if exercise mitigates meningeal Aβ load and improves CBF.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) burden in J20 AD mice.
  • Assessed global CBF changes using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI).
  • Evaluated effects of voluntary wheel running on memory, CBF, and Aβ.

Main Results:

  • Significant leptomeningeal CAA burden observed in AD mice.
  • CBF was reduced in AD mice, correlating with CAA burden.
  • Exercise reduced cognitive deficits and increased global CBF compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Leptomeningeal CAA may impede parenchymal blood perfusion.
  • Exercise shows potential in mitigating cognitive deficits and improving CBF.
  • Further research will explore exercise's effect on leptomeningeal CAA and CBF restoration mechanisms.