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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Paris Aj Adkins-Jackson1, Cesar Higgins Tejera2, Dejania Cotton-Samuel3,4

  • 1Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.

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|December 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Historical racism, specifically state-level lynching exposure, is linked to increased inflammation and lower cognitive function in older Black adults. This highlights the lasting health impacts of childhood racism on Black populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Childhood structural racism negatively impacts health and longevity for Black individuals.
  • Racism-related stress contributes to biological and cognitive health decline.
  • Historical lynching exposure serves as a proxy for adverse childhood racism in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between state-level historical lynching exposure and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
  • To investigate the relationship between historical lynching exposure and global cognitive performance.
  • To understand the long-term health consequences of racism on aging Black populations.

Main Methods:

  • Linked state-level lynching data (1882-1968) with longitudinal CRP and cognitive test scores from the Health and Retirement Study (N=10,500).
  • Analyzed data for older adults (aged >50) using multivariable generalized estimating equation models.
  • Compared participants in high vs. low lynching proportion states, adjusting for demographics and health factors.

Main Results:

  • Black adults in states with high lynching proportions showed 18.5% higher CRP levels.
  • These individuals also exhibited lower cognitive test scores (-0.92 points).
  • Findings were significant after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions:

  • Adverse childhood racism, exemplified by historical lynchings, is associated with increased systemic inflammation.
  • This exposure is also linked to a higher risk of cognitive decline and dementia in Black adults.
  • The study underscores the enduring impact of historical racism on the health of aging Black Americans.