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Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Dillys Xiaodi Liu1, Meredith N Braskie2, Clémence Cavaillès1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep patterns and low oxygen levels in older adults are linked to brain changes seen in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). These findings highlight sleep's role in brain health across diverse populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Growing evidence links sleep disturbances and sleep apnea to diminished brain health.
  • The relationship between sleep architecture, nocturnal hypoxemia, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD)-related neuroimaging patterns is not well understood, particularly in diverse older adult populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sleep macro-architecture, nocturnal hypoxemia, and AD-related MRI biomarkers in a diverse cohort of older adults.
  • To examine how sleep stages and oxygen saturation during sleep correlate with brain imaging markers of AD.

Main Methods:

  • The Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD)-Dormir Study included 842 diverse older adults (non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, Black).
  • In-home sleep apnea assessment and brain MRI were used to evaluate sleep and AD-related MRI biomarkers.
  • Multivariable regression models analyzed associations between sleep parameters (sleep stages, apnea-hypoxia index, oxygen saturation) and AD-signature cortical thickness and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).

Main Results:

  • Increased light sleep percentage and longer REM sleep latency were associated with thinner cortex in AD-signature regions.
  • Increased deep sleep percentage showed an inverse association with cortical thickness.
  • Higher apnea-hypoxia index during REM sleep and lower mean oxygen saturation (<94%) were linked to greater white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume.
  • No significant ethnoracial interactions were found for these associations.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep macro-architecture (light/deep sleep percentages, REM latency) and nocturnal hypoxemia are associated with Alzheimer's Disease-related patterns on MRI.
  • These findings underscore the importance of sleep quality and oxygenation for brain health in aging populations.