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Public Health.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anxiety negatively impacts Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) risk management in older adults. Higher anxiety correlates with inconsistent health behaviors, particularly in managing blood pressure, diabetes, and cholesterol.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited understanding of anxiety's effect on modifiable Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) risk behaviors in non-clinical older adults.
  • Anxiety can cause fluctuations in health behaviors, potentially hindering ADRD risk reduction efforts.
  • Health behaviors may become contradictory due to anxiety, both within and across different health domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between anxiety and modifiable ADRD risk and associated behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.
  • To investigate how anxiety influences the consistency of health-related behaviors relevant to ADRD risk.
  • To address knowledge gaps regarding anxiety's impact on ADRD risk management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 838 older adults (aged >50) from the Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) in Tasmania, Australia (2019-2022).
  • Linear mixed-effects models regressed longitudinal ADRD risk behaviors and a composite score on anxiety levels and covariates.
  • Individualized behavioral variance (fluctuation scores) for nine modifiable ADRD risks were calculated and regressed on time-averaged anxiety levels.

Main Results:

  • Anxiety was negatively associated with blood pressure management (β=-0.04, p=0.008) and positively associated with overall ADRD risk (β=0.08, p=0.002).
  • Mean anxiety significantly predicted increased fluctuations in physical activity (β=0.12, p<0.001), blood pressure management (β=0.05, p=0.001), diabetes management (β=0.09, p<0.001), and cholesterol management (β=0.14, p<0.001).
  • These associations exceeded false discovery rate corrections.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety shows a detrimental linear association with blood pressure management and overall ADRD risk over time.
  • Anxiety is linked to behavioral inconsistency across four cardiometabolic-related ADRD risk domains.
  • Findings suggest interventions for modifiable ADRD risk reduction should consider anxiety's nuanced influence on health behavior consistency in older adults.