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Public Health.

Zhaohua Huo1, Yip Man Tsang1, On Ting Man1

  • 1The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows gender differences in relatives. AD females reported higher rates of stroke and psychiatric disorders in siblings and children compared to males.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Family history is crucial for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prediction and management.
  • Investigating gender differences in family history can elucidate AD's genetic and pathological pathways.
  • This study focuses on a Chinese community setting in Hong Kong.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore potential gender differences in the family history of older adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To understand the prevalence of cognitive impairment, stroke, and psychiatric disorders in the relatives of AD patients.
  • To examine how gender influences the reporting of these conditions within families.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 69 older adults (aged 61-98) with mild or major neurocognitive disorder (AD or mixed AD/vascular types).
  • Utilized the Uniform Data Set 3.0 to collect self-reported family history (parents, siblings, children) of neurocognitive and other disorders.
  • Employed descriptive analysis with sample weighting, Chi-square, and multi-variable tests to assess gender differences.

Main Results:

  • No significant gender differences were observed in parental history of cognitive impairment, stroke, or psychiatric disorders.
  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) females showed a trend towards higher rates of stroke and psychiatric disorders in siblings (p < 0.10).
  • AD females reported significantly higher rates of psychiatric disorders in their children compared to AD males (12.5% vs 0%, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Nearly 40% of Chinese older adults with AD reported family history of neurocognitive/psychiatric disorders.
  • Gender appears to play a role in the genetic and pathological transmission of neurological and psychiatric conditions within families.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering gender in understanding familial Alzheimer's disease risk.