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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitively frail older adults exhibit greater variability in cognitive performance and reduced mobility. Specific brain network connectivity patterns influence how this variability impacts mobility, offering insights into cognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive frailty, characterized by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and physical frailty, increases the risk of cognitive decline.
  • Cognitive intraindividual variability (IIV) is a key cognitive metric, with greater IIV indicating potential early signs of cognitive and mobility impairments in older adults.
  • The neural mechanisms linking cognitive frailty, IIV, and mobility deficits remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between brain functional connectivity, cognitive intraindividual variability (IIV), and mobility in older adults with cognitive frailty.
  • To explore the role of neural networks in moderating the relationship between IIV and mobility performance in cognitively frail individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study comparing 17 cognitively frail (CF) and 20 non-cognitively frail (non-CF) older adults.
  • Cognitive frailty was defined by specific scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Short Physical Performance Battery.
  • Assessments included executive function tests (Stroop, Trail Making), mobility tests (Timed-Up and Go - TUG), and resting-state functional MRI to analyze brain network connectivity and IIV-dispersion.

Main Results:

  • Cognitively frail individuals showed significantly greater IIV-dispersion and poorer TUG performance compared to non-CF.
  • CF participants exhibited reduced inter-network and intra-network connectivity in the Default Mode Network (DMN), Fronto-Parietal Network (FEN), and Salience Network (SMN).
  • Inter-network connectivity between the DMN and FEN, specifically involving the bilateral middle temporal gyrus and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, moderated the association between IIV-dispersion and TUG performance in CF individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Altered connectivity patterns within and between large-scale functional neural networks differentiate cognitively frail from non-cognitively frail older adults.
  • These neural connectivity differences likely explain how increased IIV-dispersion negatively affects mobility performance in cognitively frail older individuals.