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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Sophie Zhijing Xu1, Jinyu Hu1, Jackie Finik1

  • 1New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Moderate secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is linked to poorer cognitive function in never-smoking older adults. This highlights the cognitive risks of even limited SHS exposure and the need for public health interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Active smoking is a known risk factor for cognitive decline.
  • The impact of secondhand smoke (SHS) on cognitive function in never-smokers is understudied.
  • This study investigates SHS exposure and cognitive function in U.S. never-smoking older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and cognitive performance.
  • To assess cognitive function in never-smoking older adults with varying levels of SHS exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1,369 adults aged 60+ from NHANES 2011-2014.
  • SHS exposure quantified by serum cotinine levels (low, moderate, high).
  • Cognitive function assessed via CERAD-WL, AFT, and DSST; multivariable regression used.

Main Results:

  • Moderate SHS exposure correlated with significantly lower scores in immediate recall, delayed recall, Animal Fluency Test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test compared to low exposure.
  • No significant cognitive associations were found in the high SHS exposure group.
  • Demographic and socioeconomic differences noted across exposure groups.

Conclusions:

  • Moderate SHS exposure is associated with impaired cognitive performance in never-smoking older adults.
  • Public health initiatives to reduce SHS exposure are crucial for maintaining cognitive health in this population.
  • Further research needed to explore reasons for lack of association in high exposure group.