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Public Health
Osamu Katayama1, Ryo Yamaguchi1, Daiki Yamagiwa1
1National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
Summary
The National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool effectively identifies mild cognitive impairment, a key step in preventing dementia. This tool aids early dementia risk detection in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Public Health
Background:
- Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial for dementia prevention.
- The National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool (NCGG-FAT) was developed to objectively assess MCI based on age and education.
- This study investigates the link between NCGG-FAT's 1.5 standard deviation (SD) cut-off points and dementia incidence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relationship between specific cognitive test performance (1.5 SD decline) on the NCGG-FAT and the subsequent risk of developing dementia.
- To validate the NCGG-FAT as a screening tool for early dementia risk identification in community-dwelling older adults.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal analysis of 2,441 participants without dementia at baseline.
- Five-year follow-up monitoring dementia onset using health insurance records.
- Cognitive function assessed using the NCGG-FAT and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Main Results:
- During the 5-year period, 241 participants (9.9%) developed dementia.
- The incidence rate of dementia was 21.7 per 1000 person-years.
- A decline of 1.5 SD or more in specific NCGG-FAT tests (e.g., backward digit span, SDST) significantly increased dementia risk (Hazard Ratios ranging from 1.37 to 3.22).
- Certain cognitive states identified by NCGG-FAT (e.g., naMCIm, GCI) were associated with significantly higher dementia risk (Hazard Ratios ranging from 1.55 to 2.92).
Conclusions:
- The NCGG-FAT demonstrates effectiveness in screening for dementia risk.
- The tool aids in the early detection of cognitive decline that may precede dementia in older adults.
- Objective cognitive assessment using NCGG-FAT is valuable for identifying individuals at higher risk for dementia.
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