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Related Concept Videos

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Public Health.

Nigus G Asefa1, Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold2, Valborg Gudmundsdottir3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prenatal environment impacts later health. Birth size epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) linked early life factors to cognitive decline via DNA methylation changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Adverse prenatal environments are increasingly linked to adverse health outcomes later in life.
  • Early life exposures can shape long-term health trajectories.
  • Understanding these early-life influences is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between birth size and DNA methylation in late life.
  • To develop an epigenetic score based on birth size.
  • To evaluate the relationship between this epigenetic score and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on 795 participants from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS).
  • Analysis of birth weight and length data (1914-1935) and late-life DNA methylation (MethylEPIC V1 BeadChip).
  • Construction of an epigenetic score and assessment of its association with cognitive function, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Birth size was significantly associated with methylation at cg24617612 and suggestively with 47 other CpG sites.
  • Associated CpG sites were linked to neurodevelopmental anomalies, vascular inflammation, and environmental exposures.
  • An increase in the epigenetic score correlated with a decrease in memory scores.

Conclusions:

  • Late-life DNA methylation patterns are associated with cognitive decline.
  • Prenatal exposures may influence epigenetic profiles and long-term health.
  • Early-life factors play a significant role in shaping epigenetic modifications and health outcomes.