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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early menopause combined with reduced cardiac function negatively impacts brain health. This highlights the need to consider menopausal age in dementia risk assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Menopause, a transition marked by ovarian hormone depletion, increases risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia.
  • CVD can lead to cerebral hypoperfusion, contributing to small vessel disease and dementia.
  • Limited research exists on the combined effects of menopausal age and cardiac function on brain and cognitive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if earlier age at menopause modifies the relationship between cardiac function and brain health.
  • To examine the impact of menopausal age and cardiac function on gray matter volume, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, and cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • Data from 708 healthy postmenopausal women were analyzed.
  • Cardiac function was assessed via left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using cardiac MRI.
  • Brain MRI quantified gray matter volume and WMH burden; cognition was assessed using MoCA and DSST.

Main Results:

  • Earlier menopause amplified the negative effects of lower LVEF on brain structure.
  • Lower LVEF was associated with reduced gray matter volume (p=0.03) and increased WMH burden (p=0.008) in women with earlier menopause.
  • No significant interactive effects were found between menopausal age and LVEF on cognitive outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Earlier menopause and impaired cardiac function may synergistically harm brain health.
  • Integrating sex-specific factors like age at menopause is crucial for understanding dementia risk.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking early menopause to CVD-related dementia risk.