Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

328
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
328
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

346
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
346
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

253
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
253
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

2.9K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
2.9K
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

228
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
228
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

170
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
170

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

External validation of the European association of urology biochemical recurrence risk groups to predict mortality after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy in a North American cohort.

BJUI compass·2026
Same author

Urine PD-L1 as a non-invasive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in bladder cancer.

Advances in biomarker sciences and technology·2026
Same author

Unveiling Treatment Adherence Gaps in Psychogenic Versus Organic Erectile Dysfunction.

Andrology·2026
Same author

Are Reference Intervals for Calculated Free Testosterone in Healthy Men Reliable Also in Men With Erectile Dysfunction? Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study.

Andrology·2026
Same author

Cancer-specific mortality differences between radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy after biochemical recurrence: analysis of a health system-wide cohort.

World journal of urology·2026
Same author

Using ctDNA to Inform Adjuvant Therapy for Urologic Malignancies.

Cancers·2026
Same journal

Patient Trust and Medical Mistrust Toward Overactive Bladder Therapies: General Consumer Awareness and Perceptions.

Urology practice·2026
Same journal

Editorial Commentary.

Urology practice·2026
Same journal

Association of Fertility Preservation Benefit Mandates with Sperm Bank Network Adequacy: A Mixed Methods Study.

Urology practice·2026
Same journal

The Role of Veterans Affairs Rotations in Urology Residency Training: Insights from a Society of Academic Urologists Survey.

Urology practice·2026
Same journal

Editorial Commentary.

Urology practice·2026
Same journal

Medicaid patients have decreased access to urologic care: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Urology practice·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors
05:19

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Published on: March 29, 2019

10.8K

Incarcerated Patients Present With More Advanced Bladder Cancer Stage: A Statewide Analysis.

Carlo Silvani1,2, Alfonso Santangelo1,3, Jack Considine1

  • 1VUI Center for Outcomes Research, Analysis and Evaluation, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.

Urology Practice
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Incarceration is linked to a higher likelihood of advanced bladder cancer at diagnosis. This finding underscores the need for improved cancer screening and care within correctional facilities.

Keywords:
healthcare disparitiesneoplasm stagingprisonersurinary bladder neoplasmsvulnerable populations

More Related Videos

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer
09:07

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer

Published on: February 6, 2011

16.4K
An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
08:43

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

Published on: July 28, 2012

15.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors
05:19

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Published on: March 29, 2019

10.8K
An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer
09:07

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer

Published on: February 6, 2011

16.4K
An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
08:43

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

Published on: July 28, 2012

15.1K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Cancer is a leading cause of death in U.S. prisons, with incarcerated populations facing significant health disparities.
  • Previous research suggests incarcerated individuals may be diagnosed with more advanced cancers and experience poorer outcomes.
  • This study investigates the relationship between incarceration status and bladder cancer stage at diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if incarceration status is associated with advanced stage at presentation for bladder cancer.
  • To identify potential disparities in bladder cancer diagnosis related to incarceration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program, a population-based registry, for patients diagnosed with bladder cancer (2004-2019).
  • Defined advanced stage as pathological T stage ≥2, nodal involvement (N+), or distant metastasis (M+).
  • Employed univariable and multivariable logistic regression to analyze the association between incarceration and advanced disease, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Of 29,429 bladder cancer patients, 31 (0.1%) were incarcerated at diagnosis.
  • Incarcerated patients were younger, more frequently Black, and had a higher proportion of advanced disease (≥T2 stage).
  • Multivariable analysis revealed incarceration was independently associated with higher odds of advanced bladder cancer stage (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.01-5.82; p=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Incarceration status is an independent predictor of advanced-stage bladder cancer at diagnosis.
  • Incarceration signifies clinical vulnerability beyond known factors like race and smoking.
  • Urgent need for preventive strategies and structural interventions to improve cancer diagnosis and care access in correctional settings.