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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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A New Algal Friendly Extract from Euglena cantabrica with Potential Applications in Biomedical Field.

Silvia Buonvino1, Carolina Trinca2, Stefan Leu3

  • 1Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy.

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|December 24, 2025
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Summary

A novel extract from Euglena cantabrica (EuPoly) shows antioxidant and anticancer properties. Functionalized microalgae frustules (FEuPoly) can trap metal ions and support bone tissue repair, highlighting sustainable algae valorization.

Keywords:
E. cantabricabreast cancer cellsfrustulesmesenchymal stem cellsosteo-differentiationpolyphenols

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Microalgae like Euglena cantabrica are sources of valuable secondary metabolites, particularly polyphenols with antioxidant and therapeutic potential.
  • Developing efficient and sustainable methods for extracting these compounds is crucial for their application.
  • Existing methods may not be cost-effective or environmentally friendly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, cost-effective protocol for extracting compounds from E. cantabrica (EuPoly).
  • To evaluate the biomedical applications of EuPoly, including antioxidant and anticancer effects.
  • To explore environmental applications by functionalizing diatom frustules with EuPoly (FEuPoly) for metal ion complexation and bone tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • A trichloroacetic acid (TCA) solution was used to extract compounds from E. cantabrica.
  • EuPoly's effects were tested on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
  • Diatom frustules were functionalized with EuPoly (FEuPoly) and tested for Cu2+ and Ni2+ complexation.
  • FEuPoly's scaffolding properties were assessed for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) growth and osteo-differentiation.

Main Results:

  • EuPoly enhanced NHDF survival under oxidative stress and reduced breast cancer cell viability.
  • FEuPoly demonstrated effective complexation of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions.
  • FEuPoly supported the growth and osteo-differentiation of BM-MSCs, indicating potential in bone tissue repair.

Conclusions:

  • The TCA extraction protocol provides a sustainable method for obtaining valuable compounds from E. cantabrica.
  • EuPoly and FEuPoly exhibit multifunctional potential for biomedical (antioxidant, anticancer, osteo-repair) and environmental (metal ion trapping) applications.
  • This study demonstrates the significant potential of algae-derived materials as eco-friendly resources.