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Mapping 50 Years of Sport Psychology-Performance Meta-Analyses: A PRISMA-ScR Scoping Review.
Marc Lochbaum1,2, Andrew M Lane3
1Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2025
Summary
This review systematically maps sport psychology research on psychological factors influencing athletic performance. It identifies key topics and trends, highlighting areas for future study in sports science.
Area of Science:
- Sport Psychology
- Performance Psychology
Background:
- Extensive research exists on psychological factors impacting athletic performance.
- No systematic review has comprehensively mapped this body of literature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically chart published meta-analyses linking psychological constructs to sport performance.
- To map methodological trends, recurring themes, and research gaps in sport psychology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic mapping guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework.
- Comprehensive literature searches to identify relevant meta-analyses.
- Inclusion criteria focused on athlete samples and performance outcomes.
Main Results:
- Identified 137 relevant papers, with 73 meta-analyses meeting inclusion criteria.
- Covered over 40 psychological constructs, with mental practice, confidence, and anxiety being most frequent.
- Publication activity has surged since 2020, indicating research maturation.
Conclusions:
- The review provides a catalog of sport psychology meta-analyses, highlighting research strengths and emerging opportunities.
- Identifies areas needing further investigation to advance evidence synthesis in sport psychology.
- Serves as a foundation for future quantitative reviews and consensus development.
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