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Programmable solvent-responsive PDMS microstructures via 3D direct laser writing.

Qingbo Jiao, Yimin Zhang, Wenbo Wang

    Optics Letters
    |December 24, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed a new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) photoresist for advanced 3D fabrication using two-photon polymerization (2PP). This enables precise, complex microstructures for intelligent micromechanical systems and biomedical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Microfabrication
    • Polymer Chemistry

    Background:

    • Conventional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfabrication faces limitations in achieving complex 3D structures with high precision.
    • Intelligent micromechanical systems require advanced materials and fabrication techniques for enhanced functionality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel PDMS-based photoresist for high-resolution 3D fabrication using two-photon polymerization (2PP).
    • To enable the creation of complex, solvent-responsive microstructures for intelligent micro-systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Optimized a two-photon polymerization (2PP) system to enhance photosensitivity and processability of the PDMS photoresist.
    • Utilized programmable 2PP direct laser writing (DLW) with controlled processing parameters and scanning strategies.
    • Established a quantitative model for structural fidelity and spatial control over crosslinking density.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved complex 3D structures with sub-micron precision using the optimized 2PP system.
    • Successfully fabricated solvent-responsive components, including encrypted micropillar arrays and smart microvalves.
    • Demonstrated precise and controllable deformation of fabricated components upon solvent stimulation.
    • Confirmed excellent cytocompatibility through biocompatibility tests.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel PDMS photoresist and optimized 2PP process overcome conventional microfabrication limitations.
    • This research provides innovative material solutions and processing pathways for intelligent micro-systems.
    • The developed technology is applicable to soft robotics and biomedical fields, enabling advanced micro-device fabrication.