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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Raul Vintimilla1, James Hall1, Sid E O'Bryant1

  • 1Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) shows associations with cognitive function and brain changes in Hispanic adults. Higher NfL levels correlate with poorer memory and processing speed, and increased brain markers like white matter hyperintensities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a biomarker for neurodegeneration, with emerging interest in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  • Large-scale studies on NfL, cognition, and MRI in community-dwelling Hispanics are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma NfL levels and cognitive and neuroimaging biomarkers in a Hispanic cohort.
  • To explore these associations in cognitively unimpaired (CU) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 763 Hispanic participants (618 CU, 145 MCI).
  • Plasma NfL measured using SIMOA technology.
  • Cognitive assessments included memory, executive function, verbal fluency, and processing speed.
  • 3T MRI used for regional cortical thickness (meta-ROI) and hippocampal volume; white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume measured.
  • Linear regression models adjusted for demographic and vascular factors.

Main Results:

  • Plasma NfL correlated with most covariates, excluding dyslipidemia.
  • Adjusted analyses revealed NfL associated with delayed memory and processing speed.
  • Higher NfL linked to greater meta-ROI and WMH volumes.
  • Cognitive associations diminished in subgroup analyses, but neuroimaging associations persisted.

Conclusions:

  • NfL associations in Hispanics are primarily with delayed memory, processing speed, meta-ROI, and WMH.
  • Cognitive status is a crucial factor in understanding NfL's relationship with cognitive and brain measures in this population.