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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

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Biomarkers.

Federica Anastasi1,2,3, Armand González Escalante1,2,4, Pol Segura-Retana1

  • 1Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma proteins can predict cognitive decline in individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Sex-specific protein associations highlight the need for personalized risk stratification strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks is possible with plasma biomarkers.
  • Predicting cognitive decline in at-risk individuals is challenging due to outcome variability and lack of prognostic markers.
  • This study focused on baseline plasma proteins linked to cognitive trajectories in asymptomatic, AD-risk individuals, including sex-specific factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify baseline plasma proteins associated with long-term cognitive trajectories in asymptomatic individuals at risk for AD.
  • To investigate sex-specific protein associations with cognitive changes.
  • To explore protein co-expression modules predictive of cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed cognitive trajectories (modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite, mPACC) over 7.5 years in 410 cognitively unimpaired individuals.
  • Assessed associations between cognitive trajectories and plasma proteins using Olink Explore and SomaScan platforms.
  • Utilized sex-interaction analyses and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify predictors of cognitive decline.

Main Results:

  • 10 Olink and 26 SomaScan proteins significantly correlated with cognitive trajectories.
  • Significant sex-protein interactions were identified, predicting cognitive changes.
  • One protein module associated with nervous system development was linked to decliner status.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma proteins show potential as prognostic markers for predicting cognitive trajectories in asymptomatic AD-risk individuals.
  • Sex-specific protein associations underscore the importance of personalized risk assessment.
  • These findings may inform the development of targeted interventions for AD prevention.