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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Dorsa Abdolkarimi1, Yue Liu2, Sheena Waters2

  • 1Wolfson Institute of Populational Heath, Queen Mary University of London, London, Greater London, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation significantly impacts dementia risk. A novel twenty-protein signature (ProSig) aids in predicting dementia and understanding its inflammatory links, potentially improving early detection and personalized treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Systemic inflammation is a key factor in dementia pathogenesis.
  • The association between circulating inflammatory proteins and dementia risk requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify individual inflammatory proteins and a proteomic signature (ProSig) linked to incident dementia.
  • To explore the relationship between ProSig, its constituent proteins, and brain imaging endophenotypes.
  • To investigate the mediating role of these proteins in the association between genetic/modifiable risk factors and dementia, and assess causality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized UK Biobank proteomics data from 43,685 participants.
  • Employed Cox proportional-hazard (Cox-PH) models with LASSO regularization to identify dementia-associated proteins and develop ProSig.
  • Applied linear regression for brain endophenotypes and Mendelian randomization (MR) for causal inference.

Main Results:

  • Identified 218 proteins associated with dementia; a 20-protein signature (ProSig) improved dementia prediction.
  • Three ProSig proteins correlated with subcortical brain volumes; one linked to neuroinflammation, vascular function, dementia, and reduced brain volume.
  • Mediation and MR analyses confirmed that ProSig proteins mediate the effects of modifiable risk factors on dementia.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation plays a critical role in dementia, highlighting the importance of inflammatory biomarkers for early detection.
  • The study enhances understanding of early inflammatory mechanisms in dementia, aiding clinical trial recruitment and personalized therapeutic development.