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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Constance Delaby1,2,3, Aurélie Ladang4, Jose Yriarte5

  • 1Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Standardizing Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) testing across laboratories is crucial for its use in diagnosing neurological disorders. This international project developed a harmonized strategy to improve NfL result interpretation and reporting in clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) quantification in blood and CSF aids neurological disorder diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Variability in clinical practices, analytical methods, and cutoffs hinders consistent NfL test interpretation.
  • Lack of consensus on NfL reporting and interpretation impacts its clinical utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address variability in Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) quantification and reporting across laboratories.
  • To develop a harmonized strategy for the use and reporting of NfL results based on context of use (COU).

Main Methods:

  • An international project involving 38 specialized laboratories across 18 countries.
  • A questionnaire gathered data on COU, pre-analytical, and analytical protocols for NfL quantification.
  • A consensus approach was used to develop a harmonized strategy for NfL result reporting.

Main Results:

  • 63% of centers quantified NfL in CSF, 87% in blood, and 53% in both.
  • Top COUs included frontotemporal dementia (71%), Alzheimer's disease (71%), and multiple sclerosis (61%).
  • Most centers use publication-based cutoffs (50%) and consider age (42%); 95% report numeric results.

Conclusions:

  • Harmonizing NfL cutoffs, reporting, and interpretation is essential for routine clinical practice.
  • Standardized NfL testing will improve diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for neurological disorders.