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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Katherine Colcord1,2, Luohua Jiang1, Seyed Ahmad Sajjadi1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological changes (LATE-NC) are linked to faster physical decline in older adults. Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathological Changes (ADNC) showed no significant association with physical performance decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Gerontology
  • Physical Performance Research

Background:

  • Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathological Changes (ADNC) and Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological changes (LATE-NC) present similarly cognitively.
  • The physical performance differences between ADNC and LATE-NC are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal relationship between ADNC and LATE-NC and physical performance trajectories.
  • To determine if physical performance can help differentiate between ADNC and LATE-NC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from The 90+ Study, a longitudinal aging study.
  • Assessed physical performance using gait speed, 5 Times Sit to Stand Test (5XSST), grip strength, and balance.
  • Analyzed neuropathological changes from brain autopsies and employed linear mixed regression models.

Main Results:

  • ADNC were not significantly associated with changes in physical performance.
  • LATE-NC were significantly associated with faster decline in gait speed, 5XSST, grip strength, and a composite physical performance measure.
  • Participants with LATE-NC showed a steeper decline across all physical measures compared to those without LATE-NC.

Conclusions:

  • LATE-NC, not ADNC, are significantly associated with accelerated physical performance decline in the oldest old.
  • Physical manifestations of LATE-NC and ADNC may differ despite similar cognitive presentations.
  • Physical performance could serve as a biomarker for LATE-NC, aiding in differential diagnosis.