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Clinical Manifestations.

Monica Lavoie1,2, Guillaume Duboisdindien1,3, Joel Macoir4,5

  • 1Research Chair on Primary Progressive Aphasia - Fondation de la famille Lemaire, Quebec, QC, Canada.

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Summary

A new screening tool, the MoCA-L, was developed to detect language impairments in cognitive-linguistic disorders like primary progressive aphasia (PPA). This tool aims to improve early diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Linguistics
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Existing cognitive screening tools like MoCA lack specific language function assessment.
  • Cognitive-linguistic disorders, such as primary progressive aphasia (PPA), significantly impact language.
  • There is a need for a specialized tool to screen for language deficits in neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and pilot a brief screening tool, the MoCA-Language (MoCA-L), for cognitive-linguistic disorders.
  • To evaluate the feasibility of a preliminary MoCA-L version in healthy controls.
  • To create a tool that specifically targets language functions affected in PPA and other neurodegenerative conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A preliminary version of the MoCA-L was administered to 15 healthy controls.
  • The test included tasks evaluating spontaneous speech, naming, semantics, repetition, sentence comprehension, and syntax.
  • Expert consensus and psycholinguistic parameters were used to refine the test, eliminating difficult items and selecting final subtests.

Main Results:

  • A preliminary version of the MoCA-L was tested in a pilot study.
  • Items with a success rate below 90% were removed.
  • The final MoCA-L consists of six subtests: conversation, picture naming, semantic knowledge, repetition, sentence comprehension, and picture description, totaling 30 points.

Conclusions:

  • The MoCA-L is a brief, 6-subtest screening tool designed to enhance the detection of language impairments in PPA and related neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Future phases will focus on establishing psychometric properties (reliability, validity) and normative data.
  • The MoCA-L aims to provide a simple, rapid screening method for healthcare professionals to improve early diagnosis and management of neurocognitive language deficits.