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Related Experiment Video

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Clinical Manifestations.

Nicola Sambuco1, Giorgia Francesca Scaramuzzi1, Daphne Gasparre2

  • 1University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Bari, Italy.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional abilities and mood significantly predict cognitive decline in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Functional impairment (FAQ) is the strongest predictor, followed by depressive symptoms (GDS) and hippocampal volume (HIPPO).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive decline is a key feature of aging and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
  • Early identification of cognitive decline is crucial for timely interventions.
  • Previous research links cognitive decline to brain structure, functional impairment, and mood alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the combined predictive power of brain structure, functional impairment, and mood on cognitive decline.
  • To identify key determinants for improving early detection and targeted interventions for cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) with 312 participants.
  • Employed LASSO regression to analyze baseline relationships between hippocampal volume (HIPPO), functional abilities (FAQ), and depressive symptoms (GDS).
  • Quantified cognitive change using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores over time, with 5-fold cross-validation.

Main Results:

  • LASSO model explained 51% of the variance in cognitive decline (R²=0.51).
  • Functional abilities (FAQ) were the dominant predictor, accounting for 86.2% of the explained variance.
  • Depressive symptoms (GDS) and hippocampal volume (HIPPO) contributed minimally (6.0% and 7.7%, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • Baseline functional and emotional measures effectively predict future cognitive decline.
  • Functional difficulties (FAQ) showed the strongest predictive power, followed by GDS and HIPPO.
  • Integrating behavioral evaluations with neuroimaging may enhance early detection of cognitive decline.