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Clinical Manifestations.

Federico Castano1,2, Carrillo Juan1, Maria Roca1,3

  • 1Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva (INECO), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distinct error patterns in cognitive tests can help differentiate early Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) from Parkinson's Disease (PD). PSP patients show impaired inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility compared to PD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) present overlapping cognitive and behavioral symptoms, complicating early diagnosis.
  • Inhibitory control deficits are common in PD, often linked to dopaminergic treatment and impulse control disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct neuropsychological profiles, focusing on error types and frequencies, to aid in differentiating early PSP from PD.
  • To uncover specific cognitive assessment patterns that distinguish between PSP and PD.

Main Methods:

  • A neuropsychological assessment battery was administered to 29 PSP patients and 41 early-PD patients.
  • Analysis focused on repetitions and perseverative errors across tests including fluency, Trail-making, memory, Go/No-Go, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.
  • Performance was co-varied with an attentional score.

Main Results:

  • PSP patients demonstrated significantly poorer performance in verbal fluency, attention, and processing speed compared to PD patients.
  • PSP patients exhibited higher frequencies of perseverative and commission errors, indicating reduced cognitive flexibility and impaired inhibitory control.
  • No significant difference in dopaminergic treatment dosage was found between PSP and PD groups.

Conclusions:

  • Specific error patterns in routine cognitive tasks offer diagnostic value for differentiating PSP and PD.
  • These distinct cognitive profiles can serve as a bedside tool for early diagnosis and provide insights into inhibitory control mechanisms in both diseases.