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Clinical Manifestations.

Toshifumi Minohara1, Kaishi Takabatake1, Taro Nakazawa1

  • 1Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A shift in sleep medication from GABA receptor agonists to orexin receptor antagonists was observed in hospitalized patients. This change correlated with a decrease in adverse events like falls and delirium, particularly in dementia patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Hospital Medicine

Background:

  • Investigated sleep medication prescriptions and associated incident reports over three years at Kyushu University Hospital.
  • Included all hospitalized patients, with a focus on those with dementia.
  • Examined trends in sleep medication use alongside incidents like falls and delirium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in sleep medication prescribing patterns.
  • To assess the correlation between prescription shifts and in-hospital incidents.
  • To evaluate the impact on patient safety, including those with dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 15,721 patients and 22,229 sleep medication prescriptions (April 2019-March 2021).
  • Data extraction from medical records for sleep medications, dementia status, and psychiatric liaison interventions.
  • Collection of incident reports (falls, delirium, self-removal of drains/tubes).

Main Results:

  • Proportion of GABA receptor agonist prescriptions decreased (54% to 37%), while orexin receptor antagonist prescriptions increased (34% to 52%).
  • Similar trends observed in patients receiving psychiatric liaison interventions, including those with dementia.
  • Decreasing trend in incidents (delirium, falls) inversely correlated with increased orexin receptor antagonist use; delirium incidents halved.

Conclusions:

  • A significant shift in sleep medication from GABA receptor agonists to orexin receptor antagonists occurred in hospitalized patients.
  • This prescribing pattern change may have contributed to reduced incidents, including falls and delirium, especially in dementia patients.
  • Findings suggest potential benefits of orexin receptor antagonists for improving patient safety in hospital settings.