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Probing Ionic Vibrational Dynamics via Terahertz Fluctuations in Nanopore Ionic Current.

Zhenyu Zhang¹, Han Qi², Quan Han³

¹Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Precision Medicine Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B

|December 24, 2025

Summary

High-frequency noise analysis in nanopores reveals cation vibrations. This technique probes ultrafast hydration dynamics and local ionic environments, offering new insights beyond low-frequency measurements.

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Area of Science:

Physical Chemistry
Nanotechnology
Spectroscopy

Background:

Nanopore current noise analysis is established for low frequencies (<1 MHz) to study ions and molecules.
High-frequency (MHz-THz) current noise information remains largely unexplored due to experimental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the physical information encoded in the high-frequency ionic current power spectrum within nanopores.
To explore the potential of MHz-THz frequency noise spectroscopy for probing ionic environments.

Main Methods:

Utilized all-atom molecular dynamics simulations.
Mapped the ionic current power spectrum across the MHz to THz frequency range.

Main Results:

Observed a spectral density transition: low frequencies show ionic conductance, while THz range reveals distinct, nonstochastic peaks.
Identified THz peaks as vibrational fingerprints of cations (Na+, La3+) and their hydration shells.
Resonant frequencies (1-3 THz for Na+, 4 THz for La3+) are intrinsic to the ion's hydration environment.

Conclusions:

Establishes high-frequency nanopore current noise spectroscopy as a method for studying ultrafast hydration dynamics.
Provides a direct probe for local ionic environments in confined liquids.
Opens new avenues for understanding ion-water interactions at the molecular level.